解放军作为保卫中国辽阔国土和广大人民的威武之师，其战斗力在外界一直众说纷纭。一来军队作为国之利器不可以轻易示之于人，解放军的真实战斗力从来都没有在官方公布过；二来中国近年来一直处于和平时期，因此韬光养晦的解放军除了军事演习和维持治安并没有机会去施展自身的实力。也因此，海内外对此猜测纷纷，众说纷纭，在美版知乎Quora上，美国网友提问道：哪个国家能打败中国？与美国等强国相比，中国军力的质量如何？这个问题引起各国网友的围观和热议，他们认为这个问题太过于狂妄自大，我们来看看他们的观点。

问题：哪个国家可以轻易战胜中国？

问题：和美国等强国相比，中国军力怎么样？

哈佛大学中国问题专家约翰•奥库马•蒂尔的回答

First of all, China will never launch a war unless its territorial security is threatened. Therefore, any war China participates in is defensive.

首先，中国永远不会发动战争，除非领土安全受到威胁，因此，中国参与的任何战争都是防御性的。

Second, in the defensive war, China is basically impeccable. It has a population of 1.4 billion and a standing army of more than 2 million. China is no longer the China it was a hundred years ago. No country can successfully invade and occupy China. China has enough ability to resist the enemy outside its borders. Even in the coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean, China also has a home court advantage.

第二，在防御战中，中国基本是无懈可击的，她拥有14亿人口和200多万常备军，中国不再是一百年之前的那个中国，任何国家都无法顺利地入侵和占领中国，中国有足够的能力御敌于国门之外，就算是在太平洋近海，中国也拥有主场优势。

Third, even the United States, the world's most powerful military power, has no chance of winning around China. Even if war is introduced, China, with its huge strategic depth, can deal with the enemy for a long time and consume the enemy's effective strength. It is essentially different from the wars in Iraq, Libya and other countries. The indiscriminate bombing can't make her yield.

第三，即使是世界上军事力量最强大的国家美国，两军对垒，在中国周边也毫无胜算。就算引入战火，中国凭借拥有巨大的战略纵深，也能长时间与敌人周旋，消耗敌人的有生力量，与伊拉克、利比亚等国家的战争有着本质的不同，狂轰滥炸无法让她屈服。

Fourth, China is a nuclear power. With more than 350 nuclear weapons and the "Trinity" delivery system of intercontinental ballistic missiles, one-way ballistic missiles and long-range bombers, China can destroy any attacker. Such a war means complete destruction for both sides, which will drag the world into the abyss.

第四，中国是一个核大国。拥有350枚以上核武器，以及洲际弹道导弹、单程弹道导弹和远程轰炸机的“三位一体”运载系统，中国可以摧毁任何袭击者，这样的战争对双方都意味着彻底的毁灭，这将把世界拖入深渊。

路基洲际导弹

核潜艇

Fifth, no country with a normal mind will launch a conventional war with China. China has always been concerned about the renewal and iteration of military equipment such as fighter jets, frigates, aircraft carriers and missiles. China's conventional military strength is beyond the reach of ordinary countries in terms of quality and quantity.

第五，任何头脑正常的国家也都不会与中国发动常规战争，中国一直关注战斗机、护卫舰、航母、导弹等军事装备的更新迭代，中国常规军事力量从质量到数量都不是普通国家所能企及的。

Moreover, China is no longer a country that only relies on its huge military manpower reserves to deter the enemy, but a country with very complex military resources - many advanced weapons research and development have been successful in China. China's recent tests of hypersonic vehicles and the so-called fractional Orbit Bombardment System (FOBS) have worried Americans in this regard.

况且现在的中国已经不再是一个仅凭借拥有庞大军事人力储备威慑敌人的国家，而是一个军事资源非常复杂的国家——诸多先进的武器研发在中国取得了成功。中国最近对高超音速运载工具和所谓的分数轨道轰击系统（FOBS）的测试让美国人在这方面忧心忡忡。

These weapons are difficult to track and defend - especially because they allow nuclear warheads to be launched in directions that are not monitored by the U.S. anti missile system. The United States has not yet developed hypersonic laser guns and satellite killers, and China is ready to kill any potential enemy.

这些武器很难追踪和防御——尤其是因为它们可以让核弹头从美国反导系统监测不到的方向发射。美国还没有研制出高超音速激光炮、卫星杀手，中国已经准备好击杀任何潜在的敌人。

超高音速武器演示模型

"The United States has no right to say that it talks with China in a position of strength. The United States uses its military power and financial hegemony to exercise long arm jurisdiction and suppress other countries. It abuses the so-called concept of national security, obstructs normal trade exchanges and incites some countries to attack China." Sophisticated weapons give China the strength to respond and criticize the United States.

“美国没有资格说它以实力地位与中国对话。美国利用其军事力量和金融霸权进行长臂管辖，镇压其他国家。它滥用所谓的国家安全观念，阻挠正常的贸易往来，煽动一些国家攻击中国。”高精尖武器让中国对美国的任何回击与批评都有了底气。

American politicians even exaggerate: "China is rapidly building military space capabilities, including sensing and communication systems and a large number of anti satellite weapons... To put the space assets of the United States and its allies at risk."

美国政客更渲染道：“中国正在迅速建立军事空间能力，包括传感和通信系统以及大量反卫星武器……以使美国和盟国的空间资产处于危险之中。”

"A noteworthy goal is the Chinese satellite" shijian-17 "with manipulator, and the space-based manipulator technology can be used in the system of confrontation with other satellites in the future. China also has several ground-based laser systems with different power levels, which may lead to blindness or damage to satellite systems. China will try to use its space capabilities to support satellite launches while putting U.S. space assets at risk in order to achieve its military objectives and overall national security objectives. "

“一个值得注意的目标是带有机械臂的中国卫星“实践-17”，天基机械臂技术可用于未来与其他卫星对抗的系统中。中国还拥有多个不同功率水平的地基激光系统，可能导致卫星系统失明或损坏。中国将试图在利用自身空间能力支持卫星发射的同时，将美国的空间资产置于风险之中以实现它的军事目标和总体国家安全目标。”

In the past 20 years, the Chinese people's Liberation Army (PLA) has carried out the largest and fastest national defense construction in history - including the development to the "blue water" global Navy - she is committed to protecting China's overseas assets, and the PLA's global "power projection" capability is emerging.

中国人民解放军（PLA）在过去20年中进行了历史上规模最大、速度最快的国防建设——包括向“蓝水”全球海军的发展——她正在致力于保护中国的海外资产，解放军的全球“力量投射”能力正在异军突起。

The ballistic missiles of the Chinese people's Liberation Army rocket force can hit moving targets at sea, which will worry the Pacific Fleet deploying US aircraft carriers. These missiles are known as "aircraft carrier killers".

中国人民解放军火箭部队的弹道导弹能够击中海上移动目标，这将让部署美国航空母舰的太平洋舰队非常担心，这些导弹被称为“航母杀手”。

China's land-based missiles and anti-aircraft artillery groups will further teach lessons to the enemy who tries to provoke and invade further. Therefore, the answer to this question should be that it does not exist!

中国的陆基导弹和防空炮群将进一步给试图挑衅并进一步进犯的敌军带来教训，所以，这个问题的答案应该是，不存在！

伊朗东亚问题专家维克拉姆的回答

Whether in terms of political economy or military science and technology, the people's Republic of China is one of the most powerful countries in the world. This analysis is only based on China in the new era under the regime of the Communist Party of China. Since the British army invaded the mainland for the first time in 1840, and the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was basically over in 1949, the Western powers had run rampant on Chinese territory, but after the founding of new China, she never suffered any attacks from external countries or armies.

无论是从政治经济维度，还是军事科技维度，中华人民共和国都是世界上最强大的国家之一，这一分析仅基于中国共产党政权下的新时代中国。自1840年英军首度侵入大陆本土，到1949年国共内战基本结束，西方列强曾在中国领土上横行无忌，但在新中国成立后，她再也没有承受任何来自外部国家或军队的袭击。

In 1953, China tied with the United Nations led by the United States, which established China's status as a great power; The Sino Indian border operation is a border operation with limited scale and time. After winning the victory, China took the initiative to withdraw its troops, which made India unable to lift its head in the world for a long time and its reputation plummeted; The victory of China's treasure island battle has maintained the peace of northern China for decades; The fight against Vietnam has long consumed and damaged Vietnam's national strength, knocked the Soviet Union, and finally had to change its course.

1953年中国与以美国为首的联合国军打成平手，并因此奠定了中国的大国地位；中印边境作战是一场规模、时间都很有限的边界作战，中国在获得胜利后主动撤军，这让印度在相当长的时间内在国际上抬不起头来，声誉一落千丈；中国珍宝岛作战的胜利维持了中国北方数十年的安宁；对越南的战斗让越南国力遭到了长期消耗和破坏，敲打了苏联，最终不得不改弦更张。

There are many superpowers and their military blocs against China. China has achieved its strategic goals and military objectives. If this can't convince you, let's measure China's strength from another angle.

以上中国的对手不乏超级大国及其军事集团，中国都达成了其战略目的和军事目标，如果这还不能令你信服，那我们从另一个角度对中国的实力进行衡量。

China has a population of about 1.4 billion, and given their age distribution / sex ratio and average health status, they may have a reserve of about 100 million to 120 million soldiers - including only men. If women of the same age group were introduced, this figure could increase by at least 80%, which is equivalent to almost two-thirds of the U.S. population.

中国约有14亿人口，考虑到中国人的年龄分布/性别比例和平均健康状况，他们可能拥有约1亿至1.2亿兵员储备——这仅包括男性。如果引入相同年龄组的女性，这个数字至少可以增加80%，这几乎相当于美国人口的三分之二。

Stalin said during the second world war that numbers have their own advantages and characteristics. Indeed, this is proved by the people's Liberation Army in the Korean War and other battlefields. Now, they have reached the global average in training, have a strong manufacturing capacity to produce the required war materials (small arms, ammunition, etc.), and have a high morale advantage in defending their homes - never underestimate this.

斯大林在第二次世界大战期间说，数字有其自身的优势特点，确实如此，解放军在朝鲜战争和其他战场证明了这一点。现在，他们在训练方面达到了全球平均水平，拥有生产所需战争物资（小武器、弹药等）的强大制造能力，而且在保卫家园时，他们拥有昂扬的士气优势——永远不要低估这一点。

In addition, China is one of the largest countries on earth, with most of its population concentrated in coastal areas. Therefore, any land invasion from the West will be forced to extend the supply line. An invasion from the north or south is impossible, because the countries located in these regions: Russia, India and other countries do not want to be involved in this issue and may oppose the invasion first.

除此之外，中国是地球上最大的国家之一，大部分人口集中在沿海地区。因此，任何来自西方的陆地入侵都会被迫延长补给线，来自北方或南方的入侵是不可能的，因为位于这些地区的国家：俄罗斯、印度和其他国家不想卷入这一问题，可能首先会反对入侵。

近海作战

Therefore, the only viable option is to launch an attack from the coast, for which the PLA has been preparing for decades. Until 15 years ago, the whole defense strategy of the Chinese people's Liberation Army and China was oriented towards coastal defense - small and medium-sized ships, coastal defense, medium and short-range anti-ship / tactical cruise missiles, etc. The same strategy as Iran. The defense is so crowded and numerous that the invading forces will be wiped out by land-based forces like bees.

因此，唯一可行的选择是从海岸发起攻击，中国解放军几十年来一直在为此做准备。直到15年前，中国人民解放军和中国的整个防御战略都是面向沿海防御——中小型舰艇、海防、中短程反舰/战术巡航导弹等等。和伊朗的策略一样。防御如此拥挤和众多，入侵部队将被蜂群一样的陆基力量消灭殆尽。

In addition, over the past 15 years, the PLA has been trying to catch up. Now they have a decent surface Navy and a strong submarine force, not to mention that they have begun to establish their own overseas logistics bases and other war zones.

除此之外，在过去的15年里，解放军一直在想方设法地迎头赶上。现在他们有一支像样的水面海军和一支强大的潜艇部队，更不用说，他们已经开始建立自己的海外后勤基地，并开设其他战区。

The world's first-class military - the U.S. military can't fight such an enemy, let alone other countries - the U.S. military can't even win in smaller and less populous countries such as Vietnam, Iran and Afghanistan. They succeeded at first, but the fighting in the middle and later stages was very bad for them. In all these cases, they were forcibly drained and had to withdraw their troops.

世界一流军队——美国军队尚且无法与这样一个敌人作战，更不要说别的国家——美军甚至无法取得在越南、伊朗、阿富汗等更小、人口更少的国家的胜利。他们最初取得了成功，但中后期的战斗对他们来说非常糟糕，在所有这些情况下，他们都被强行抽干，不得不撤出部队。

The combined population and area of the three countries I mentioned are less than 1 / 10 of that of China. So do you think the American army can succeed? This is not a period of colonialism. There are obvious differences in military technology, political ideology and the innocence / stupidity of the local people. You have the same ruthless military strength as the modern organization.

我提到的这三个国家的人口和面积加起来不到中国的1/10。那么你认为美国军队能成功吗？这不是一个殖民主义时期，在军事技术、政治意识形态和当地人天真/愚蠢方面存在明显差异。你面对的是一个同样有组织、坚定和无情的现代军事力量。

This is why, despite the widely touted advantages of the United States over major countries such as China and India, the United States or any other major country cannot decisively defeat them.

这就是为什么尽管美国相对中国和印度等大国拥有被广泛吹捧的优势，但美国或任何其他大国都无法决定性地战胜他们的原因。

美国退役军官卡鲁纳的回答

• in conventional war, the quality of weapons and the latest equipment and intelligence are important, while the quality of soldiers and combat training are not the key.

•在常规战争中，重要的是武器质量和最新的装备和情报，士兵素质、作战训练则并不是关键。

• in local operations, the quality of training and morale is important, but the key issues are clear and consistent objectives, a full understanding of the situation, local culture and issues involved, clear rules of engagement and the willingness to take the necessary actions to win. These are essential on the basis of sustained combat, as exemplified by the mire of U.S. troops in Afghanistan.

•在局部作战行动中，训练和士气质量很重要，但关键问题是明确和一致的目标、对局势、当地文化和所涉问题的充分了解、明确的交战规则以及采取必要行动赢得胜利的意愿。这些在持续作战的基础上必不可少，美国军队在阿富汗陷入泥潭就是例证。

1. Most of the US military is internationally recognized as the most "modern". The latest and newest surface ships, combat aircraft, air defense systems, offensive missiles and other equipment of the Chinese people's Liberation Army can roughly rival or surpass their counterparts in the United States. However, compared with their counterparts in the Chinese people's Liberation Army, the United States deploys a larger number and proportion of modern equipment, and a large part of the PLA uses non-modern equipment, In this regard, China needs to improve.

1.大部分美军被国际公认为是最“现代化的”，中国人民解放军最新和最新的水面舰艇、作战飞机、防空系统、进攻性导弹和其他装备可以大致媲美或超过美国同行，但与中国人民解放军同行相比，美国部署现代装备的军队数量和比例更大，解放军的很大一部分使用非现代装备，这一方面中国有待改进。

2. Extensive overseas military logistics infrastructure. The United States has more than 800 military bases in every region of the world, while China has only one. In terms of power projection, the United States has obvious advantages. Although most of the infrastructure is useless in areas where China US armed conflict may occur, bases in the Asia Pacific region still provide logistical support to maintain provocation and war reserves near China's backyard.

2.广泛的海外军事后勤基础设施。美国在全球每个地区都有大约800多个军事基地，而中国只有一个，在实力投射方面，美国有着明显的优势。尽管大部分基础设施在可能发生中美武装冲突的地区毫无用处，但亚太地区的基地仍然提供后勤支持，以维持对中国后院附近的挑衅和战争储备。

吉布提基地

3. Operational experience. Since the Second World War, the United States has not been engaged in some kind of war in a decade, and the last major battle of the people's Liberation Army was in 1984 (the follow-up small-scale conflict of the 79 China Vietnam War). Although this "permanent war" state is detrimental to the life and health of the American nation-state and people, it does provide more combat experience for the US military. Nevertheless, the experience advantage does not necessarily apply to all situations.

3.作战经验。自第二次世界大战以来，美国没有一个十年没有进行过某种战争，而解放军上一次进行重大战斗是在1984年（79年中越战争的后续小规模冲突）。虽然这种“永久战争”状态对美国民族国家和人民的生命健康不利，但它确实为美军提供了更多的作战经验，尽管如此，经验优势并不一定适用于所有情况。

Considering the rich experience of the U.S. military in Afghanistan and Iraq, the U.S. military may have an advantage in the tactical engagement of small forces. However, in modern sea and air operations, since World War II, the United States has never fought with an opponent with similar strength, so it is equally inexperienced.

考虑到美军在阿富汗和伊拉克的丰富经验，在小型部队的战术交战中，美军可能具有优势。但在现代海空作战中，自二战以来，美国从未与一个实力相近的对手作战，因此它一样缺乏经验。

集团化训练

4. Human resources. That's right - the number of troops may be an advantage of China. The stereotype that the PLA relied on "human sea tactics" in the 1950s is basically not out of date now. On paper, the US military has only 1.3 million people, while the PLA has 2 million. In addition, the size of the reserve force of the Chinese people's Liberation Army is larger than that of the U.S. Army (5-600000 people's Liberation Army and about 800000 people in the United States).

4.人力资源。没错——军队数量可能是中国的一个优势，20世纪50年代关于解放军依赖“人海战术”的刻板印象现在基本上并未过时。从纸面上看，美军只有130万人，而解放军有200万人。此外，中国人民解放军的预备役部队规模大于美国军队（中国人民解放军为500-60万人，美国约为80万人）。

Theoretically, the PLA also has a militia and armed police force, composed of more than 10 million people. Theoretically, it can be recruited in wartime (mainly for domestic civil defense), but in terms of the number of troops (and mercenaries) that can be quickly mobilized for combat, China has a weak temporary advantage, at least this is not China's disadvantage.

理论上，中国人民解放军还拥有一支民兵和武警部队，由1000多万人组成，理论上可以在战时征召（主要用于国内民防），但就可快速动员用于作战的军队（和雇佣兵）数量而言，中国有微弱的暂时优势，至少这不是中国的劣势。

Although the United States has many advantages, the PLA still has several selected areas that can rival or surpass the United States; They may undermine or bypass the traditional advantages of the United States - including long-range anti-ship ballistic missiles, quantum communications, hypersonic gliding weapons, electromagnetic launch systems (such as small railguns, electromagnetic assistance of missile launchers, etc.) and various types of UAVs.

尽管美国拥有不少优势，但解放军目前仍有几个选定的领域可以与美国匹敌或超越美国；它们可能会破坏或绕过美国的传统优势——包括远程反舰弹道导弹、量子通信、高超音速滑翔武器、电磁发射系统（如小型轨道炮、导弹发射器的电磁辅助等）以及各种类型的无人机。

The equipment of these sophisticated weapon systems will completely subvert the balance of military power. That is to say, although the current capability of the PLA is relatively weaker than that of the United States, it may still cause unbearable damage to the US military in the Asia Pacific region to prevent the United States from taking any drastic action.

这几个高精尖武器系统的装备，会完全颠覆军事力量的平衡。这就是说，目前解放军的能力虽然比美国目前的能力相对较弱，但仍可能对亚太地区的美军造成美国难以承受的损害，以阻止美国采取任何激烈的行动。